Which of the following is NOT a probable cause of cracks in a foundation?

• A. Penetration of frost under the foundation
• B. The house settling over time
• C. Roof leaks in the attic
• D. Improperly operating perimeter drainage system

Answer: (C)

Foundation cracks come from movement or pressure in the soil around the foundation. Freeze-thaw action can push and shift soil when it freezes, causing frost heave that cracks the concrete. Over time, the soil can settle, or differential settlement can occur as different parts of the soil compact under the house’s weight, leading to cracks. If the perimeter drainage system isn’t working properly, water stays against the foundation, increasing hydrostatic pressure and pushing on the walls, which can also cause cracks. Roof leaks in the attic, while a serious moisture issue for ceilings and insulation, don’t directly cause cracks in the foundation. They indicate roof or attic moisture problems rather than structural movement at the foundation. So roof leaks in the attic are not a probable cause of foundation cracks.